Python Conditional Statements

Python Conditional Statements

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Conditional statements are used to check and compare multiple conditions and values. Python provides different conditionals in order to make decisions in the applications and follow different execution paths, methods, and logic.

Comparison Statements

The comparison statements are used to check single or multiple conditions. These comparison statements are very useful to check different conditions like equal, not equal, greater than, etc.

Conditional StatementDescription
==Equal Statement
!=Not Equal Statement
<Less Than Statement
<=Less Than or Equal Statement
>Greater Than Statement
>=Greater Than or Equal Statement
orOr Logic Statement
and And Logic Statement

if Conditional Statement

The “if conditional statement” is used to check a single case where single or multiple conditions can be specified. If the specified case is true the if conditional statement code block will be executed, if not the if conditional statement will not be executed and the next lines will be executed.

age = 20

if (age>18):
   print("Age is over 18")

In the following example, we will check if the given counts are the same as the single if conditional.

a_count = 10

b_count = 10

c_count = 11

if(a_count == b_count):
   print("A and B count are equal")

if(a_count == c_count):
   print("A and C count are equal")

if..else Conditional Statement

The if..else conditional statement is used to check two cases for multiple conditions. First, the if case will be checked, and if it is not true the else code block will be executed. The syntax of the if..else conditional statement is like below.

if CONDTION:
   IF_BLOCK
else:
   ELSE_BLOCK
  • CONDITION is the condition that will be checked single or multiple conditions.
  • IF_BLOCK will be executed if CONDITION is true.
  • ELSE_BLOCK executed if CONDITION if false or not true.

If the following example, we will check the age if it is equal to or over 18.

age = 20

if (age>=18):
   print("Age is over 18")
else:
   print("Age is less than 18")

if..elif..else Conditional Statement

The most detailed and multi-case conditional statement is the if..elif.else conditional statement where the elif can be repeated multiple times between if and else.This will create more cases if we need them. The if..elif..else conditional statement syntax is like below.

if CONDITION1:
   CODE_BLOCK1
elif CONDITION2:
   CODE_BLOCK2
...
else:
   CODE_BLOCKn
  • CONDITION1 will be checked first, if it is true the CODE_BLOCK1 will be executed if not the execution will jump into the following elif.
  • CONDITION2 will be checked if it is true if it is true CODE_BLOCK2 will be executed if not the execution will jump next statement. Multiple elif can be specified for multiple cases.
  • CODE_BLOCKn is executed when none of the if and elif conditions are true.

In the following example, we will check if the age is greater than or equal to 18, greater than or equal to 12 or non of them.

age = 15

if(age>=18):
   print("Age is over 18")
elif( age >= 12):
   print("Age is between 12 and 18")
else:
   print("Age is less than 12")

The output will be like below.

Age is between 12 and 18

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